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The advancement in the knowledge of structure, chemistry, processing, and applications of LCPs coincided with a period of rapid expansion in terms of the physical techniques available to the materials. Most frequently, LCPs are categorized into three types, namely, main-chain (MCLCPs), side-chain (SCLCPs), or main-chain/sidechain combined (MCSCLCPs) LCP, depending on where mesogenic units are incorporated. LCPs can be classified into several general categories based on their architecture and position of mesogens in the polymer chain. When mesogenic groups, such as calamitic, discotic, and bent-cored ones, are introduced into polymers, liquid crystalline (LC) phases may form, resulting in LC polymers (LCPs). Over the past decades, numerous endeavors have been made to rationally design and synthesize LCPs with controllable supramolecular structures. Since last few years, study on LCPs has been a flourishing research field due to their broad promising applications in various high-technology areas such as various organic optoelectronic applications, nonlinear optical materials, tunable diffraction gratings, thermal insulated materials, and the high-performance Kevlar fiber. The most distinguished feature of LCPs lies in that they exhibit intermediate morphological states between crystalline (or glassy) and liquid states, where macromolecular chains can be self-organized into a wide spectrum of ordered structures such as nematic, smectic, and cholesteric mesophases. These are one of the most important macromolecular systems having the capability of selforganization because of their unique molecular architectures with high anisotropy. Liquid-crystalline polymers (LCPs) constitute an important class of materials that represents new advanced organic functional materials combining both anisotropic order of liquid crystals and excellent mechanical properties of polymers. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (Preface Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication.
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All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Library of Congress Control Number: 2015946615 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. Kessler Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University Pullman, WA, USA Liquid Crystalline Polymers Volume 2-Processing and ApplicationsĮditors Vijay Kumar Thakur Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University Pullman, WA, USA